Medical marijuana acts on the endocannabinoid system – a homeostatic regulator that is present in all humans. Interestingly, research suggests that certain cannabinoids found in marijuana (i.e. THC and CBD) may have significant mood-stabilizing properties that could be beneficial for patients with the disorder.
Studies
have shown that THC, under certain conditions, can have anti-anxiety,
hypnotic and antidepressant effects, resulting in improvements in mood
and overall well-being in normal subjects as well as in patients
suffering from pain, multiple sclerosis or cancer. CBD seems to counter
the psychoactive effects produced by high doses of THC and may also
possess anti-anxiety, hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties of its own.
Researchers
have also identified a link between marijuana use and cognitive
improvements in patients with schizophrenia – a finding could explain
evidence of similar improvements in bipolar disorder.
A number of
recent studies have set out to determine the effects of marijuana use on
patients with bipolar disorder and have provided some thought-provoking
findings.
Researchers at the University of Oslo in Norway
published the results of a study conducted on 133 bipolar patients. What
they found was that patients who used cannabis regularly actually
performed better than non-users on tests of verbal fluency and learning,
although improvements in learning were not statistically significant.
In
another study, researchers at the Zucker Hillside Hospital in New York,
regular marijuana use was linked to higher levels of attention,
processing speed and memory among the 200 bipolar patients that the
researchers followed over a 9 year span.
On the other hand, while
these results suggest that marijuana use might improve cognitive
function in cases of bipolar disorder, a study published found that
bipolar patients who used cannabis exhibited less treatment compliance
as well as higher levels of illness severity, mania and psychosis,
although data was only collected over a 12 month period.
Interestingly,
the study also found that while cannabis users were less likely to have
a relationship and were less satisfied with life in general, they were
still more engaged in social activities than non-users. Furthermore, the
study identified no significant differences between cannabis use and
independent living or work impairments.
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